|
.
2004 Toyota Corolla CE*
|
|
|
Vehicle Features:
 |
am/fm/cd |
|
pass & driver's airbag |
|
air conditioning |
|
bucket console |
|
power mirrors |
|
power steering |
|
rear defroster |
|
tilt wheel |
|
4 cyl |
|
|
Vehicle Color: artic white/grey
Stock#: WYP424
VIN#: 1NXBR32E44Z196799
Vehicle Location:
Enterprise Car Sales
1169
West Main Street
Hendersonville , TN 37075 -2822
866-851-5158(Toll
Free)
2005 Chevrolet Suburban 2WD
|
Price: $119,000
Vehicle & Armoring Specs
Armored
2004 Chevrolet Suburban 2WD – New!!
Level 5 (CEN B6 ) High Power Rifle Protection
Key Features:
2004 Chevrolet Suburban Features: 5.3L V8 gasoline
engine, 295 hp @ 4,800 RPM and 290 lb-feet of torque @ 3,400 RPM, 2WD Four-speed electronically controlled automatic overdrive
transmission. Four-wheel antilock disc brakes. Independent front suspension with torsion bars. Driver and right front-passenger
dual-level air bags. Eight-passenger seating. Driver Information Center. AM/FM stereo with CD and cassette players. Foglamps.
Custom leather reclining 40/20/40 split-bench seat. Second-row 60/40 split-bench seat and third-row bench. Remote Keyless
Entry.
Armor Protection through Level V (Equivalent CEN B6)
Vehicle
armored by Novus, to meet and exceed 44 Magnum, 240 gr. 427 mps / 1470 fps; .357 Magnum, 158 gr. 425 mps / 1450 fps; 9mm 124
gr., 350 mps / 1120 fps; 7.62 X 39mm, 123 gr., 750 mps / 2,697 fps; 223 Caliber, 45 gr., 919 mps / 3,200 fps; 7.62 x 51mm
M80, 149 gr., 830 mps / 2,700 fps; 5.56 x 45 M193.
Base Armoring Specification:
1) Glass areas: Windshield, side
glass and rear glass replaced with bullet-resistant transparent armor multi-layer glass and polycarbonate inner layer to prevent
spalling upon ballistic impact. Glasses are 40mm thick, curved and contoured to retain the appearance of the original glass.
2)
Driver side window lowers approximately 6”.
3) Body: Doors, pillar posts, side panels, kick-panels, firewall, and
headers (laterals) armored with 3/8” ballistic steel, in accordance with defined standard of defeat. Internal window
door frame overlap system used throughout.
4) Roof: Armored with 3/16” ballistic steel.
5) Floor: Floor areas
armored with 12 layer Twaron, molded to form fit contours of floor boards and panels. Protection single German DM51 or US
M-67.
6) Vehicle Structured Modifications: Reinforcement of pillar posts and hinges, high pressure heavy duty shocks, and
upgrade of suspension to include HD torsion bars, polyurethane bushings. Hardened plastic door risers installed on all doors.
Brake system modification with hydrobooster.
7) Fuel tank and battery: Protected with steel.
8) Electronic control Module
(ECM) protection.
9) Four (4) Run Flat Tire devices.
| | |
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
INTERNATIONAL ARMORING CORPORATION
2335 Lincoln Ave., Ogden, UT
Phone: 801-393-1075 Fax: 801-393-1078 E-mail: armoruiz@aol.com
uuu
October 29, 2004
Mr. Sam Nebi
Smn5617@yahoo.com
(615) 496-2025
For: 2004 Chevrolet
Suburban LT ¾ ton 4X4 Vehicle – British Standards Level B6.
Quantity Description
Unit Price
Total Price
Basic Vehicle Chassis Specifications:
2004 Chevrolet Suburban LT ¾ ton 4x4 Vehicle.
* Vortec 6000 V-8 engine.
* Seven passenger
* 4 doors with tailgate
* 130 in. Wheelbase
* 4-speed automatic transmission
* LT245/75R-16E all season tires
* Original Curb Weight: 5,796 Lbs.
* Armoring curb weight: 7,296 Lbs.
* Width: 79.8 in.
* Length: 219.3 in.
* Height: 76.5 in.
* New Payload: 2,804
* Power output: 325 @ 5200 hp
* Towing cap.: 9,600 Lbs.
* Original GVWR: 8,600 Lbs.
* New GVWR: 10,100 Lbs
Price of Vehicle: US$47,250.00
General Specifications:
Vehicle armored to CEN B-6 Standard (or equivalent) to provide protection from ammunition up to and including AK47
Kalashnikov 7.62 x 39 M43 and 7.62 x 51 NATO with lead core/steel jacket ammunition round and double under- vehicle grenade
attacks.
Base Armoring Specification:
1) Glass areas: Windshield, rear doors and side glass will be removed and replaced with bullet-resistant transparent
armor multi-layer glass and polycarbonate inner layer to prevent spalling upon ballistic impact. Glass will be curved and
contoured to retain the appearance of the original glass.
2) Front driver-side window will be operable (10 to 20 cm max.).
3) Body: Doors, pillar posts, side panels, kick-panels, firewall, and headers (laterals) will be armored with Armormax
ballistic composite material equivalent material or ballistic steel in accordance with defined standard of defeat. Elitus®
overlap system used throughout. CEN B6 Level protection.
4) Roof: Armored with Armormax® ballistic composite material in accordance with CEN B4+ Level standards.
5) Floor: Floor areas will be armored with multi-ply flexible and rigid ballistic fragmentation material combined with Armormax® PAC100 molded to form fit contours of floor boards and panels. Protection
double German DM51 or US M-67.
6) Vehicle Structured Modifications: Reinforcement of pillar posts and hinges. Hardened plastic door risers installed
on all doors.
Price of Armoring per vehicle:
US$ 75,000.00
Price of vehicle and armoring:
US$ 122,250.00
General Terms and Conditions:
Payment: Fifty (50%) percent
deposit on price of the armoring plus total price of the vehicle. Balance of payment: Prior to shipment.
Testing: All
ballistic materials are independently tested by H.P. White Laboratories in Street MD USA.
Delivery: 60 - 90 working
days from receipt of order and deposit.
Warranty: International Armoring Corporation
will extend a 12 month warranty on its armor upfitting.
Inspection: We welcome
inspections of the facilities or work in progress is welcome, prior to, during or upon completion of the contract.
Government Contractor Information:
Our CAGE Code 1JTY8
Dept. of Defense TPIN # 1999A279810
DOD Central Contractor Registration Status: CURRENT
Signed: Francisco
Ruiz
Francisco Ruiz
International Armoring Corporation
| | |
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
2005 Mercedes Benz E-500
|
Price: $129,000 plus shipping
Vehicle & Armoring Specs:
2005 Mercedes Benz E-500 Armored Sedan
 Complete Armor Package, Level B-6 (Euro Std.)
5.0L V-8 Engine, 302hp
Automatic Transmission
All Ballistic Materials Are Certified By American & German Laboratories
Ballistic Protection
·39 mm (1.5 inch) multilayer ballistic glass with ballistic steel plate overlap along edges
·12 mm (0.50 inch) minimum thickness ballistic steel armor plating located in columns,
pillars, roof, doors, door locks and mirror mounts, fire panel, and rear seat
·Molded custom roof & floor explosion protection (7 Layer Sewn Aramide and/or Ballistic Steel)
·Protection for both 90º and 45º shots including fuel tank, battery and engine computer
protection
·Run flat tire inserts |
|
|
BALLISTIC THREATS
– ARMOR DESIGN LEVEL B-6 (Euro Std.) |
|
Weapon
|
Round
|
|
Type
|
Caliber
|
Mass
(g) |
Velocity
(m/s) |
Shots
|
Description
|
|
Rifle
|
7.62
x 51 mm |
9.7
|
838
|
5
|
Lead
core, steel jacket |
|
Rifle
(M-16) |
5.56
x 45 mm |
3.6
|
991
|
5
|
Lead
core, copper jacket |
|
Rifle
|
.30-06
|
11.7
|
774
|
5
|
Jacketed
soft point |
|
Rifle
(AK-47) |
7.62
x 39 mm |
9.7
|
732
|
5
|
Steel
core, copper jacket |
|
Handgun
(Tokorev) |
7.62
x 25 mm |
5.5
|
488
|
5
|
Lead
core, steel jacket |
|
Sub-machinegun
|
9 x
19 mm |
8.0
|
427
|
5
|
Lead
core, copper jacket |
|
Handgun
|
0.44
magnum |
15.6
|
440
|
5
|
Lead
wad cutter |
|
Handgun
|
0.357
magnum |
10.2
|
430
|
5
|
Jacketed
soft point |
|
Handgun
|
9 x
19 mm |
8.0
|
358
|
5
|
Lead
core, copper jacket | | |
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
2005 Audi A8L
|
Vehicle & Armoring Specs:
2005 Audi A8L
10 Available!
Additional Photos:
click to enlarge
drag window to desired location
|
Cost for Armoring Package:
To
armor a new 2005 Audi A8L to defeat level B6, 7.62x51 NATO, AK-47 and M-16 ammunition (Level V), using the very lightweight
Spectra Shield, the price of armoring is $75.000 USD.
Armoring Details:
Pro Forma
Invoice
June 2, 2005
Invoice: #060205-1221-E4
Vehicle: One (1) 2005 Audi A8L (Provided by customer)
Protection Level
IV: {7.62 NATO x 51; M80 Ball; 5.56 Caliber (.223); M193; S109; 7.62 x 39}
(30.06 High Power Rifle) (AK-47 and M-16) (12
Gauge Shotgun)
Transparent Armor: Level IV
Windows - All Curved Glass/Polycarbonate
Opaque Armor: Level IV
Doors - Spectra Shield (Light weight
armor)
Pillars and Posts - High Hardened Ballistic Steel
Roof and Floor - Ballistic Nylon
Gas Tank - Ballistic Nylon
Battery
- High Hardened Ballistic Steel
Firewall - High Hardened Ballistic Steel
Rear Doors - High Hardened Ballistic Steel
Explosive
Protection
Price of 2005 Audi A8L vehicle…….. ………………………Customer
Provided, Contact Us for Price
Base Price of bulletproofing with tool kit……………………
U$75,000.00 Each Unit
Total of options selected from above………………………..U$
Cost
of containerized ocean freight & insurance………….. U$
Total cost of vehicle and armoring…………………
………..U$
Deposit required to purchase vehicle and commence production…$37,500.00
Each Unit
Balance due upon completion in 60-90 days…………………………$37,500.00
Each Unit | | |
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
2005 Mitsubishi L200 HDA
|
Vehicle & Armoring Specs:
2005 MITSUBISHI L200 HDA
ARMORED SECURITY VEHICLE
for Global Export only
Level B6 NATO Class 7.62 x 51 WK
Extended Cab Off-Road
4-Door Pick-Up Truck
Manufacturer Representative: Lasco Group
Standard Features
· Armor Package, Level B6 (NATO Class 7.62 x 51 WK)
· 2.5L Turbo Diesel Intercooler
· Heavy Duty Reinforced Chassis
· Dual Shocks on All Wheels
· Heavy Duty
Torsion Bars
· Special Hot Climate Package
· AM/FM Radio with CD Player
· All Terrain Mud Tires
· RODGUARD™ Run-Flats
· Electric Mirrors
and Door Locks
· Running Boards
· Bed Liner
· Navigation Instruments
· Air Conditioning
Optional Features
· Exterior Upgrade Package (includes mat black bumpers and fenders, snorkel, and roof rack)
· Special Hutchinson Military Wheel & Run-Flat Package (5 Wheels)
· Electric Winch
(Vehicle is shown with optional Exterior Upgrade Package) |
|
Price: $89,900.00
|
|
| |
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
2005 Hummers
H2 - Level IV Armor
|
 
Price: Contact Us
Will build in 45 days. Red or silver.
Vehicle Specs
2005 Hummers
6.0 Liter V-8 Gasoline
16 valve – 316 HP @ 5200 rpm
4 speed automatic transmission
On
Demand 4 wheel drive
All terrain LT315/70R17 tires
Skid plate shields
4 wheel ABS
Power windows
Power door
locks
Tilt steering
Cruise control
Front and rear air conditioner
8 way power seating
Center and rear seating
configuration
AM/FM Cassette with single CD
Plus other standard Hummer H2 features.
Other options available at extra charge to customer.
Armoring Specs:
Armored to Level IV -UL 752 Stds., and equivalent NIJ 0108.01 Level IIIA
or CEN European Standards B5 or B6 [7.62 NATOx 39mm.,V50-2697 fps; AK-47 Soft Point V50-2430 fps.]
Transparent Armor:
All curved glass/ poly- carbonate/glass 6.2 kgs./sq.ft.(13.7 lbs./ sq.ft.)
Opaque Armor (Molded Overlap Panels):
Doors, pillar posts, side panels,: Armormax® PAC 300: 1.25 kgs/sq.ft.
Roof: Armormax® PAC 100 Level III
Floor: Ballistic fragmentation
blanket
Operable window: Driver side only - front
Battery: Bullet resistant
Ram bumpers: Front
and Rear
Fuel Tank: Ballistic fragmentation blanket
Run Flat Devices: Four mounted and balanced with steel
valve stems
Vehicle Structural Modifications: Reinforcement of pillar posts and hinges, heavy duty shocks and
suspension as required. Hardened plastic door risers installed on all doors. ECM armor is provided. Additional Services: Locking
fuel cap and screen protection on exhaust pipe(s).
| | |
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
2005 Toyota Land Cruiser (tan)
|
Price: $127,000 plus shipping
Vehicle & Armoring Specs:
2005 Toyota Land Cruiser Armored SUV
Complete Armor Package, Level B-6 (Euro Std.)
4.7L V-8 Engine, 235hp, with Full-Time 4-Wheel Drive
Automatic Transmission
All Ballistic Materials Are Certified By American & German Laboratories
Ballistic Protection
·39 mm (1.5 inch) multilayer ballistic glass with ballistic steel plate overlap along edges
·12 mm (0.50 inch) minimum thickness ballistic steel armor plating located
in columns, pillars, roof, doors, door locks and mirror mounts, fire panel, and rear seat
·Molded custom roof & floor explosion protection (7 Layer Sewn Aramide and/or Ballistic Steel)
·Protection for both 90º and 45º shots including fuel tank, battery and
engine computer protection
·Run flat tire inserts
|
|
|
BALLISTIC THREATS
– ARMOR DESIGN LEVEL B-6 (Euro Std.) |
|
Weapon
|
Round
|
|
Type
|
Caliber
|
Mass
(g) |
Velocity
(m/s) |
Shots
|
Description
|
|
Rifle
|
7.62
x 51 mm |
9.7
|
838
|
5
|
Lead
core, steel jacket |
|
Rifle
(M-16) |
5.56
x 45 mm |
3.6
|
991
|
5
|
Lead
core, copper jacket |
|
Rifle
|
.30-06
|
11.7
|
774
|
5
|
Jacketed
soft point |
|
Rifle
(AK-47) |
7.62
x 39 mm |
9.7
|
732
|
5
|
Steel
core, copper jacket |
|
Handgun
(Tokorev) |
7.62
x 25 mm |
5.5
|
488
|
5
|
Lead
core, steel jacket |
|
Sub-machinegun
|
9 x
19 mm |
8.0
|
427
|
5
|
Lead
core, copper jacket |
|
Handgun
|
0.44
magnum |
15.6
|
440
|
5
|
Lead
wad cutter |
|
Handgun
|
0.357
magnum |
10.2
|
430
|
5
|
Jacketed
soft point |
|
Handgun
|
9 x
19 mm |
8.0
|
358
|
5
|
Lead
core, copper jacket | | |
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
2002 Jeep Grand Cherokee
|
Price: $71,000.00
Located in Mexico
Vehicle & Armoring Specs:
Fully
Armored 2002 Jeep Grand Cherokee – Like new!!
Level IV (CEN B5 ) High Power Rifle Protection
2002 Jeep Cherokee V8 5.7 liter gasoline engine 4x4
Fully Armored
Level 4 (B5) 26,000 Kms (15,600 miles)
Key Features:
Hemi Magnum 5.7 liter V8 engine 335 Hp, 370 torque.
Five-speed automatic overdrive transmission. Auxiliary engine oil cooler. Four-wheel antilock disc brakes. Independent front
suspension with torsion bars. Driver and right front-passenger dual-level air bags. Passenger Sensing System. Eight-passenger
seating. Tri-zone temperature controls. Driver Information Center. AM/FM stereo with CD and cassette players. Foglamps. Side-mounted
assist steps. Custom leather reclining 40/20/40 split-bench seat. Second-row 60/40 split-bench seat and third-row bench. Cruise
control. Remote Keyless Entry.
Armor Protection through Level 4 (Equivalent CEN B5)
Vehicle
armored by TPS in Monterrey, Mexico, to meet and exceed 44 Magnum, 240 gr. 427 mps / 1470 fps; .357 Magnum, 158 gr. 425 mps
/ 1450 fps; 9mm 124 gr., 350 mps / 1120 fps; 7.62 X 39mm
Base Armoring Specification:
1) Glass areas: Windshield, side
glass and rear glass will be replaced with bullet-resistant transparent armor multi-layer glass and polycarbonate inner layer
to prevent spalling upon ballistic impact. Glasses are 32mm thick, curved and contoured to retain the appearance of the original
glass.
2) Driver side window lowers approximately 6”.
3) Body: Doors, pillar posts, side panels, kick-panels,
firewall, and headers (laterals) armored with ballistic steel and Spectra, in accordance with defined standard of defeat.
Internal frame overlap system used throughout.
4) Roof: Armored with ballistic composite material.
5) Floor: Floor areas
armored with multi-ply rigid ballistic fragmentation material, molded to form fit contours of floor boards and panels. Protection
single German DM51 or US M-67.
6) Vehicle Structured Modifications: Reinforcement of pillar posts and hinges, high pressure
heavy duty shocks, and upgrade of suspension to include HD torsion bars, polyurethane bushings. Hardened plastic door risers
installed on all doors.
7) Fuel tank: Protected.
8) Battery: Protected.
9) Electronic control Module (ECM) protection.
10)
Modified braking system.
| | |
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
2004 Jeep Grand Cherokee
|
Price: $103,000.00
Located in Mexico
Vehicle & Armoring Specs:
Armored
2004 Jeep Grand Cherokee – Like new!!
Level IV (CEN B5 ) High Power Rifle Protection
It’s a 2004 Jeep Grand Cherokee 4 wheel drive
armored Level IV (CEN B5) by Global Armor in Mexico, with only 6,000 (approx) original miles on it.
It has 36 mm thick
transparent armor, fully armored to include all laterals, floor, roof, firewall, ECM, battery, fuel tank, run flats, etc.
| | |
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
2000 BMW 740 iL - just added!
Fully armored
|
Price: $56,500.00 or
best offer
Vehicle & Armoring Specs:
2000 BMW 740 iL Protection Series armored by BMW - Level 3A (NIJ Standards)
Handgun protection 9mm., 357mag. and .44 mag. - Black on black
Only 12,356 miles – in SHOWROOM condition
Full option content – includes navigation system – 6 disc
C/D premium audio system with multiple function rear passenger seat controls – Plus too many standard and optional features
to list. Owner can provide copy of Window Sticker – Serial Number WBAGH0347YDE05010.
More Photos:
click to enlarge
drag window to desired location
| | |
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
1999 Chevrolet Suburban
|
Price: $59,900.00
Vehicle & Armoring Specs:
1999
Chevrolet Suburban
Pristine condition, unique vehicle!
Armored to Level IIIA
Protection System Ballistic Performance Data
The proposed base vehicle
will be armored utilizing state-of-the-art ballistic materials engineered to provide a specific level of protection in accordance
with the O'Gara levels of protection specifications. The system proposed herein is the Lasco Level 2 System tested and validated
to meet the ballistic specifications shown below.
| Weapon |
Caliber |
Ammo Type |
Projectile Weight
& Velocity |
Number of Hits
Spacing |
Test Range |
| .357 Magnum |
0.357 |
FMJ/Ball
.357 Magnum |
158 grains @ 1378 - 1443 fps
420-440 mps |
1 hit(s) in - mm
triangle |
5 meters |
| .38 Super |
0.38 |
FMJ/Ball
M41-ACP |
130 grains @ 1214 - 1280 fps
370 - 390 mps |
3 hit(s) in 110/130 mm
triangle |
5 meters |
| .44 Magnum |
0.44 |
FMJ/Ball
.44 Magnum |
240 grains @ 1427 - 1493 fps
435 - 455 mps |
1 hit(s) in - mm
triangle |
5 meters |
| .9mm IMI |
9 x 21 |
FMJ/Ball
IMI |
124 grains @ 1312 - 1378 fps
420 - 420 mps |
3 hit(s) in 110/130 mm
triangle |
5 meters |
| .9mm Magnum |
9 x 29 |
FMJ/Ball
.99 Win Mag |
115 grains @ 1427 - 1493 fps
435 - 435 mps |
3 hit(s) in 110/130 mm
triangle |
5 meters |
| .9mm Para |
9 x 19 |
FMJ/Ball
Mark 22 |
115 grains @ 1313 - 1378 fps
421 - 420 mps |
3 hit(s) in 110/130 mm
triangle |
5 meters |
Various ballistic specifications and standards are in use around
the world which can be readily compared to O'Gara's Levels of Protection. O'Gara Level 2 Protection meets the following international
ballistic standard levels:
Meets specs:
EN 1063 European Standard - B1, B2, B3*, B4*,
SGI
DIN 52.250 German Standard - C1, C2*, C3*
BS 5051 British Standard - G0*, G1*, G2*, S86
NIJ 0108.01* National
Institute of Justice Standard - 1, 2A, 2*, 3A*
UL 752 Underwriter's Laboratory Standard - 1, 2*, 3*, 6*, SG
*Denotes slight differences in testing requirements and/or
procedures.
More Photos:
click to enlarge
drag window to desired location
| | |
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
1997 Hummer
|
Price: $64,500.00
Vehicle & Armoring Specs:
LIKE NEW..!! ARMORED 1997 HUMMER H1 4-DOOR WAGON!!!
Armored to Level III Ballistic Specifications (UL Stds. 752) to defeat
9mm.,.357mag.,.44mag. and similar handguns and light machine guns.
Vehicle has only 26,000 miles and is like new with 6.5 litre GM turbo
diesel – all standard and optional features include central tire inflation system – all glass has been replaced
with bullet resistant transparent armor, vertical laterals, door panels, pillar posts, kick panels, roof and floor armored
with Kevlar material. Armor package does include run flat devices. In immaculate condition and ready for your inspection.
Located in Texas.
| | |
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
1996 BMW
| |
 |
|
|
Vehicle Specs:
Like New!
1996 BMW 528i – hardly driven – only
350 km. (approx.220 miles)
Vehicle is located in Mexico, ready for shipment
anywhere in the world.
Additional Information:
Contact Us for more information about this vehicle.
Price:
$75,000
|
Armoring Specs:
Armored to Level III
Armored by International Armoring Corporation to
Level Armored to Level III -UL 752 Stds., and equivalent NIJ 0108.01 evel IIIA, CEN European Standards B2, B3, B4 or Normas
Mexicanas NMX-D-226-SCFI [.44 mag. V50 - 1470 fps; .357 mag. V50 - 1450 fps; 9mm V50 - 1120 fps.]
Armor Specifications: Transparent Armor: All curved
glass/polycarbonate/glass 3.2 kgs./sq.ft.(7.94 lbs./sq.ft.) - all OEM glass is replaced with bullet resistant glass.Opaque
Armor (Molded Overlap Panels): Doors, pillar posts, side panels, roof.: Armormax®PAC100: 0.78 kgs/sq.ft/ - an Aramid based
composite light-weight molded armoring material.Floor: Ballistic fragmentation blanket Battery: Bullet resistant. Original
is replaced with Optima ballistic resistant battery. Ram bumpers: Front and Rear. Operable Driver Side Window (6” drop)
Fuel Tank: Ballistic fragmentation blanket. Molded and sealed. Run Flat Devices: Four (4) mounted and balanced with steel
valve stems. Siren PA with Intercom. |
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 |
